Comfort Nanbam Sariem
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
Title: TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT OUTCOMES: A FIFTEEN YEAR COHORT STUDY IN PLATEAU STATE, NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA
Biography
Biography: Comfort Nanbam Sariem
Abstract
Nigeria is among the countries with high burden of tuberculosis and the highest global mortality rate despite high treatment success recorded. The retrospective cohort study was done from 2001 to 2015 study in five treatment centers in Jos North and Mangu Local Government area of Plateau State, North-Central Nigeria.
The aim of this study was to examine a fifteen-year cohort of tuberculosis treatment outcomes. Treatment outcomes were classified as successful (cured, treatment completed) or unsuccessful (non-adherent, treatment failure or death) and analyzed using binary logistic regression.
Males composed 58.1% of the population (10,156). Mean age was 35.5 years. Overall treatment success rate was 67.4%; non-adherence/defaulting rate 18.5%, with the majority of patients defaulting at the end of intensive phase of treatment; sputum conversion rate 72.8% and mortality rate was 7.5%. A decrease in successful treatment outcomes from 83.8% to 64.4%, with a corresponding increase in unsuccessful treatment outcomes was observed. Predictors of non-adherence were patients with unknown HIV status (OR 4.29, 95% CI: 3.74-4.91, p < 0.001); being male (OR 1.15, CI: 1.37-1.66, p = 0.008) and having a history of non-adherence (OR 2.27, CI: 1.34-3.87, p = 0.002).
Interventions targeting patient education particularly in males, HIV positive TB patients, non-adherent patients and the health system are advocated considering the decrease in successful treatment outcomes.